
Last week I joined a Facebook group called “
Keep the ‘Saint’ in St. Valentine’s Day”. For many years now, it’s been trendy for curmudgeons like myself to say that people need to “Keep Christ in Christmas” or even “Keep Mass in Christmas”. And I know some people who bemoan the drunken slobber of St. Patrick’s Day—which good Saint Patrick himself would not even recognize.
But Valentine is a bit of a lost saint. We celebrate his day by goading men into buying impossibly-out-of-season and overly-expensive flowers, boxes of chocolate candy, expensive dinners and heart-shaped jewelry that bears a strange resemblance to a person’s backside (Nota Bene: Gents, if every kiss actually begins with jewelry, then you might be in a relationship with a prostitute. I’m sorry that I had to be the one to tell you this). And none of it has anything to do with the actual Saint Valentine, whose day we celebrate today.

Yes, there actually was a Saint Valentine. Several actually—martyrs all, and all are honored on February 14. Back in the era of
Late Antiquity, the name “Valentine” was a common name for boys. The name comes from the word for
valor; a fitting name for Christian martyrs.
But February 14 is not a group-celebration for all the Valentine men; it points to one Saint in particular—St. Valentine of Rome. He was a physician and a priest—there is some evidence that he was also a bishop, but time has made his episcopacy somewhat unverifiable.
The 3rd Century Roman emperor
Claudius II only reigned over the empire for 2 years, but those two years were bent on military power. Claudius II would lead attacks on the Goths and the Gauls, each with swift and decisive success. Claudius II believed that Roman soldiers should be unmarried men, since men with wives are distracted by their obligations at home. This did not, however, stop the Roman soldiers from falling in love—and wanting to marry the beautiful Mediterranean women of the Empire.
Father Valentine in Rome would perform weddings for the lovestruck couples, in bold defiance of the orders of the Emperor.

He also ministered to Christians persecuted by the Roman government, defying the decrees of the Empire to do the Lord’s work, no matter what it cost him.
And ultimately, it cost him his life.
Father Valentine was arrested, dragged to a Roman court and threatened with his life if he did not renounce his Christian faith. Valentine, again boldly defiant in loyal service to the Lord, refused to abandon Jesus Christ. He was condemned, clubbed and beheaded, going to his eternal reward on February 14 in the year 269. He was buried in a roadside cemetery near modern-day Tivoli, where his body remained until 1836, when his bones were dug up and transferred to (interestingly and inexplicably) to the Whitefriar Church in Dublin, Ireland by the papal decree of Pope Gregory XVI.
Some historians and
martyrologies separate
St. Valentine of Rome and
St. Valentine of Terni, others do not distinguish their stories. Truth be told, there is not a lot of verifiable data on either man other than the pious traditions that conflate their stories (and perhaps some of the stories of other Valentines), and scholars sometimes have a hard time sorting out who’s who. This doesn’t bother me a bit. From what I know of the Valentine martyrs of the era, they wouldn’t mind standing as examples that point people to Christ today, even if they do get a little mixed together. At least, I hope they wouldn’t mind.

Because of his unwavering work for the poor, persecuted, and the young-and in-love, Saint Valentine of Rome is the patron saint of young people, engaged couples,
apiarists and married couples. He is a patron against epilepsy, against fainting and against plague. Valentine is also the patron saint of
greeting card manufacturers, for understandable reasons.
A very old pagan celebration called
Lupercalia was a Roman ritual to the god Lupercus, where sacrificing dogs, goats and vestal virgin priestesses while lining up young girls and women to be publicly whipped by essentially-naked men (covered only by strategically-placed goat skins)—all of which would ensure health and fertility for another year. During the festival, young women would place their names in a large urn. The young men would draw a name from the urn and then be romantically linked with that young woman for the following year in honor of the sex and fertility goddess Februata Juno. Lupercalia lasted for several days, beginning on February 15. The festival was Christianized in the 5th Century, with the pagan practices suppressed, while an emphasis on the godly lives of saints like Valentine replaced the carnal practices of Lupercalia.

There is also a belief arising in the middle-ages that mid-way through February is where
young birds find their lifelong mates—an appropriate symbol for the lifelong love of Christian marriage, and a convenient tie-in for the feast day of a martyr who gave his life marrying young couples. So men would ask ladies for their love on St. Valentine’s Day. The oldest known Valentine’s Day card is a letter from the year 1477—a photo of the card and its text is reproduced on the
Fisheaters website. Surprisingly, it does not accompany a lollipop or a small package of Lik-M-Aid sugar, and does not appear to be passed out at a candy infused eight-year-old’s school party, but is a breathy letter from a young woman to a man—both secretly in love. It implores: “Right reverent and worshipful and my right well-beloved valentine, I recommend me unto you full heartedly, desiring to hear of your welfare, which I beseech Almighty God long for to preserve unto his pleasure and your hearts desire.” Hardly the “TEXT ME” of those Tums-flavored heart candies that I love so much.

And let’s leave Cupid out of this (pretty please, wayward
AmericanCatholic.org?). While it’s fun to think of fat flying babies, Cupid is a pagan god, not a Christian symbol of love. I hardly think St. Valentine would approve of how the false god got so intertwined with the day of his martyrdom. You understand, right?
Pope Paul VI dropped St. Valentine’s Day from the universal calendar in 1969. The canonical iconoclasm of the 1960’s had many calendar casualties, most of whom have been largely forgotten by the world in 40 short years. But the Valentine-Industrial complex of florists, candy makers, Hallmark cards, Italian restaurants and chain jewelry shops have preserved this saint’s legacy longer than others who have almost been totally forgotten in a single generation, like Saints
Philomena,
Ursula and
Wilgefortis. *
sigh*
Today is Saint Valentine’s Day. It is a day to celebrate the happy bonds of Christian love and service to the Lord. Take a moment to thank the Lord for the love in your life, or to as Him to show you the direction towards that love—be it married, single or consecrated religious, and to do it like St. Valentine did—in steadfast fidelity to Jesus Christ.
St. Valentine, pray for us!